The combination of crystal structure of Zeolite metal with other metals shall be produced between the quadrilateral units of aluminum and silica with each other through sharing oxygen. This combination shall produce different combinations that contain vacuums connected to each other in the form of canals. Water exist does not affect the internal atomic structure, where Cations connected with oxygen inside canals, which gives high capacity of ionic exchange, whereas the basic structural units constitute of aluminum silicate SIO4. The zeolite metal has a coarse appearance, whereas its cavities contain sodium-positive ions, potassium, calcium, strontium, barium and magnesium, in addition to water molecule.
SIO4
القلوي ارضية المائية من الزوايا الاربع حيث يتم مشاركة الاكسجين مع السيلكون رباعي الشحنة وعادة ما يحل الالمنيوم الثلاثي الشحنة محل السيلكون بوجود كاتيونات احادية أو بالوحدات الرباعية مما ينتج عنة شحنة سالبة تعادل كهربائيا ما ينتج تفاعل ماص للحرارة وتخزينها .
معدن الزيولايت ذو مظهر خشن يتضمن تجاويف تحتوي جزيئاتها على ايونات موجبة الصوديوم, البوتاسيوموالكالسيوم والاسترونتيوم الباريوم والمغنيسيوم بالاضافة الى جزيء الماء
التركيب الكيميائي لقصارة الثيرموبلاستر( ما يظهر وعند الضغط على الماوس يظهر الشرح )
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Chemical Properties of Thermo Plaster

Process of replacing positive ions within the zeolite element and other bonding metals with other ions of different equivalent whether in linking with aqueous solution or gaseous compounds.

2 – Surface Tension

It is the effect that makes the surface layer of any material to be like a flexible sheet. It is the effect that relate the homogeneous material with the molecular attraction power (cohesion power), which works on the cohesion of this material with each other and affect between molecules of liquid and the molecules of other mediums that touch, whether these mediums were solid, liquid or gas called powers of (adhesion), Since the density of solid materials is greater than the density of gaseous materials, so results of these powers towards powers of cohesion and adhesion. Each molecule on the surface is affected by the power of attraction to the inside, which reduces the chance of the occupancy of a superficial location.

3 – Surface Porosity

The porosity of the composition structure allows separating of mixture components or gaseous compounds based on the difference of the size and shape of the molecules, which makes thermo plaster a natural sieve that filters materials and gases, then selects and separates them from other molecules, allowing the passage of linear compounds and preventing the branching compounds.

It is the accumulation of molecules and atoms on the surface of the material, where the material spreads in the crystalline Zeolite, which varies in intensity. Adsorption is an accumulation of material on the surface of the absorbent material, not inside; As It is a removal process, where the binding of surfaces of the absorbent particles achieved through chemical and physical attraction. Where adsorbent materials are selectively transferred to the surface of the absorbent material, So, Adsorption is a result of surface tension, where thermal equivalence is generated between Absorbent and Absorber.

 

The building shall maintain proper temperatures for a long time, which leads to save energy consumption and raise the level of users comfort, protection and safety of the building from changes in weather and weather fluctuations, reducing the thickness of walls and ceilings to reduce heat transfer.
The capacity of heat that penetrates the walls and ceilings in summer days reach up to 70% from the heat want to be displaced by air conditioning and cooling. Where the energy consumed to adapt the building is estimated by 60% of the energy used.
Except protection the building from changes in weather and weather fluctuations, as the difference in temperature due to rise in the day and decrease at night, and repetition of this occurrence leads to high pressures that make the outer layer of the building loses its natural and mechanical properties, causing cracking and corrosion, Which lead to fractures and cracks in the structure of the building.

- Insulation material shall be low resistant of thermal conductivity.
- Highly resistant of pressure resulting from large temperature variations.
- With high mechanical properties such as high coefficient of compression and coefficient of bending and fracture.
- Resistant for bacteria, fungus and mold.
- Fixed dimensions on the long-term with low property of stretch and shrinkage.
- Resistant for chemical reactions and changes.
- Fire resistance.
- Safety and healthy and does not produce health damages.

Since the raw material of the thermo plaster (Zeolite) is constituted of porous rock filled with air vacuums with a ratio reaches 50% of the size, and the size of vacuums is between 2-7 g.
As the square meter contains 1200 meters of channels and air vacuums where the air is trapped, which in turn hinder the transmission of heat across; the static air is the most heat insulation materials. According to the tests of the Royal Scientific Society, the thermal conductivity reached up to 0.178 (m.c◦/W).
In addition, according to the British Standard No. BS EN 1745, the thermal transition across the surface of a building located in a moderately exposed area for wind, snow, or any equivalent is 2.44 thermal watts. This means that the surface loses 2.44 thermal watts per square meter from the surface, through a temperature difference of one Celsius degree between the internal and external surface.

If we use the thermo plaster with a thickness of 2 cm coarse, 1 cm soft in order to improve the efficiency of the surface, the thermal transition of the surface will drop from 2.44 to 1.11.
This means that adding Thermo plaster with a thickness of 3 cm to the walls or Thermo plaster with a thickness of 5 cm for the top surfaces leads to reduce lost energy by 40-60%.

The reason why Thermo plaster bears to high temperatures are due to the large proportion of non-combustible silica, in addition to the origin of volcanic zeolite metal, which makes its resistance for high temperatures, is optimal. Where it enters in many uses for Metal melting furnaces, fireplaces, boiler rooms and fire-resistant buildings, where heat endurance reached 400 C (according to tests at University of Science and Technology Reference No. 38 and according to US Standard No. ACTM E 119).

The chemical properties of thermo plaster, which is represented by (surface tension, surface porosity, adsorption and low thermal conductivity), makes thermo plaster perfect for dampness resistance whereas it works opposite other insulators, it attracts oxygen and hydrogens atoms due to surface tension properties on huge areas from its crystalline formation due to porosity of the surface, and re-releases the oxygen and hydrogens atoms according to the medium needs by the adsorption property.
While other insulators close surface pores which leads to form dampness on the outer surfaces.

Chemical properties nature of Zeolite metal and the inability to form internal or surface dampness make it impossible to form parasites, mold and bacteria.

Thermo plaster adoption on the pozzolana metal, which is characterized by open bristle cells with multi coarse surfaces reached to 50% from the total volume, which enables it to absorb most of sound waves, it has a very high absorption coefficient according to the US standard no. ASTM C423.

The physical composition of Zeolite metal (Pozzolana) with high solidity and its mechanical properties, which is represented by the bonding factor between silica particles and the property of non-shrinkage, and degradation due to the structural composition of the aluminum and titanic watery ground units and its uniformity with silicon, exhibit high resistance to external mechanical influences such as shocks, internal vibrations and Factors of degradation, expansion and contraction.
Degradation factor, factor of expansion and contraction 000.1 %.

The physical properties of Zeolite metal (Pozzolana), its cohesion and separation with other inert minerals that form thermo plaster and its volcanic origin, shall make it the perfect natural factor of Salinity, Sulphates and Oxidation resistance.
This reduces the process of corrosion of buildings and suitable for coastal cities.
As well as, Nowadays, Pozzolana used in the manufacture of salt resistant cement.

Zeolite has high ability to absorb and absorptive many different gases and dampness due to porosity and surface tension, so it has high ability to absorb heavy metals, polluted air and radioactive elements in addition to break them in crystalline formation, which occurs inside process of chemical transformation and on crystalline composition. The high capacity of Zeolite metal in ion exchange makes it a natural sieve for all heavy metals (Lead, Copper, Zinc, Cadmium, Cobalt, Magnesium, Iron, Carbon Monoxide and Dioxide), and the absorption of optional gases (Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfate and Water Vapor) with ratio up to 97%.
When gases pass through the molecular sieves, the smaller molecules of Zeolite pores will only be entered and adsorb, while the big molecules will not enter and stuck on the outer surface due to the surface tension of Zeolite. And when the Gas molecules are tiny, the separation with size is impossible, whereas molecular sieves will be step aside in this situation to separation by adsorption with polarization.
The quantity of adsorbent material will increase whenever increasing in the adsorption surface. So getting large effect of adsorption should be the adsorb surface large as possible. Only good adsorbents possess a very large surface, which is characterized by structural pores material, such as Zeolite on top.

The thermo plaster is made up mainly from Pozzolana, it is natural material and it is not harmless at all.
In addition, it is a non-organic, non-combustible, no smell of it and non-toxic. It has no side effects on the human and non-human organism, whereas no smoke or poisonous gases arise in all its forms.

Thermo plaster contains a high percentage of Pozzolana, which is used in the manufacture of cement, which is used in all concrete works and the similarity of the structure between them makes them of double strength in adhesion even with other construction materials such as gypsum, natural and manufactured stone and others.

Thermo plaster proprieties, its volcanic origin and its containment of a large percentage of silica and inert minerals, make it an ideal natural alternative for resistance to internal reactions in the building's body in addition that it keeps the building save from external impact and weather fluctuations. Therefore, the Pozzolana was extremely used in the remaining historical buildings- Church of Aya Sophia, the Roman Amphitheater in Italy, and other historical buildings.

Plastic bags 25 liters

It should be free of impurities, oils, dust and concrete appendices.

Mixed either by using a mixer or manually as per the following:
1- To empty the bag or bags
2- To add water according to instructions on the bag (10-12 liters for each bag) depending on the nature of the climate.

Thermo plaster used either by traditional manually tools or by specialized sprinkling machine, after spraying the surface with water. Manually

1- Nail spraying

2-

3- coarse plaster (1 cm - 2 cm)

4- soft plaster (0.5 cm – 1 cm)

Sprinkling machine

1- coarse plaster (0.5 cm - 1 cm)

2- soft plaster (0.3 cm – 0.5 cm)

Sprayed with water 

Solid dry 48 hours

Completely dry 14 days

Completely solid 40 - 60 days

Product validity after mixing for 45 minutes

The coarse cutter

  5-7 m²

Each bag has 25 kg / l

  Soft cutter

  6-8 m²

Each bag has 25 kg / l

(120 kg / cm²) after 45 days

0.001%

0.178

250 degrees

To maintain the technical and physiochemical properties of thermo plaster, the following should be considered in the process of painting and brushing:
1- Do not use oil paints or pastes.
2- Using water paints and pastes only